Diabetes is a chronic condition in which the body fails to produce enough insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps to convert food into energy. It is important to note that without sufficient insulin, the body cannot use the food it eats, so it begins to store it as fat. In time, this can result in serious health problems such as heart disease, blindness, and even death. Our goal in this article is to explore what causes diabetes, as well as some warning signs that you are at risk.
Type 2 diabetes definition
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which the body cannot adequately use glucose for energy. This can lead to episodes of hyperglycemia, resulting in damage to the pancreas and significant health issues like blindness, kidney failure, and heart disease. While more common than type 1 diabetes, it typically develops over a prolonged period with different symptoms depending on which organs are impacted.
Diabetes Types
Diabetes mellitus can be classified into three main types: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Each type is caused by a different set of genetic factors.
Around 90% of all cases of diabetes are type 1 diabetes. It usually occurs in childhood or early adulthood and is caused by an autoimmune response that destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Type 1 diabetics must regularly administer insulin in order to control their blood sugar levels.
Type 2 diabetes is less common than type 1 diabetes, but accounts for around 10% of all cases. It is often diagnosed in middle age or later life, and it increases a person’s risk of heart disease, stroke, and other serious health problems. It is often difficult for people with type 2 diabetes to manage their blood sugar levels without medication and/or diet changes.
A woman can develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy if she has prediabetes or full-blown diabetes. The condition usually goes away after delivery, but it can occasionally result in long-term complications such as high blood pressure or heart disease.
Diabetes Type 2 Symptoms: What are they?
A person with type 2 diabetes has low levels of insulin, a hormone that helps move glucose from the blood into cells. As a result, blood sugar levels rise and tissues and organs are damaged.
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by the following symptoms:
The feeling of fatigue
Thirst increases
Hunger at an extreme level
Weight loss or unusually large appetite (anorexia)
Excessive thirst or frequent urination
Vision changes or blurred vision
Dizziness or rapid heart rate
Hands or feet tingling
What are the symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes?
Blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes are higher than normal, but they aren’t high enough to be classified as type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes differs from type 2 diabetes in that the body’s immune system destroys cells that produce insulin, a hormone that helps the body use glucose. With type 2 diabetes, the body’s cells become resistant to insulin and are unable to utilize glucose properly.
After fasting for 12 hours, blood sugar levels can be measured. A fasting blood sugar test measures how much sugar is in a person’s blood. When a person has their blood sugar levels taken before and again an hour later, a glucose tolerance test measures how well he or she responds to eating a meal. As a result of eating or drinking, a person’s hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test measures how long it has been since the average level of hemoglobin in their blood was changed.
If you have symptoms of type 2 diabetes, your doctor may order additional tests to confirm the diagnosis. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), which measures how well your body handles sugar after eating, an exercise test, as well as a urinalysis, which detects signs of kidney damage caused by high blood sugar levels.
Type 2 Diabetes Treatment Options
Diabetes type 2 can be treated in many ways, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some people find diet and exercise are the most effective forms of treatment, while others may require medication to manage their blood sugar levels. Here’s a look at some of the most common treatments.
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Exercise and diet
It is best to improve your diet and exercise habits if you have type 2 diabetes. It is possible to lower blood sugar levels with a healthy diet, while regular exercise reduces insulin resistance and improves overall health. Diabetics may need medications to help regulate blood sugar levels in some cases. Diet and exercise alone may not always be enough to control diabetes.
Medicines
Type 2 diabetes can be treated with a variety of medications. Some people are able to manage their blood sugar levels effectively with oral medications such as metformin or sulfonylureas, while others require insulin injections or artificial pancreas devices. You should discuss any new medication regimen with your doctor before starting it.
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